Arctic Council Working Group Recommendations
| Project | Type | # | Outcome | Report | Year | FEC |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CBird: Seabird Expert Group | Action | 4.4 | Habitat protection and enhancement: 10. Prepare a summary of protected eider areas, 11. Evaluate existing mechanisms for protecting eider habitat, 12. Protect additional eider habitat as needed, 13 Implement other needed protective measures | Circumpolar Eider Conservation Strategy and Action Plan | 1997 | |
| CBird: Seabird Expert Group | Action | 4.5 | Communication and consultation: 14. Support other eider conservation initiatives, 15. Ensure coordination with other bird conservation plans, 16. Enlist support of local residents and others interested in eiders, 17. Solicit periodic evaluation of the Strategy by eider specialists, 18. Prepare periodic reports summarizing accomplishments in eider conservation, 19. Ensure that eider conservation projects include an educational component. | Circumpolar Eider Conservation Strategy and Action Plan | 1997 | |
| CBird: Seabird Expert Group | Action | 4.6 | Research and monitoring: 20. Develop comprehensive research agendas for each species, 21. Estimate population size, productivity, survivorship, and movements for each major eider populations , 22. Study effects of contaminants on eiders, 23. Develop monitoring plans for eiders | Circumpolar Eider Conservation Strategy and Action Plan | 1997 | |
| CBird: Seabird Expert Group | Action | 5.1 | Priorities: 1. Identify and prioritize actions, 2. Emphasize causes of eider declines, 3. Establish international, national and regional eider monitoring programs | Circumpolar Eider Conservation Strategy and Action Plan | 1997 | |
| CBird: Seabird Expert Group | Action | 5.2 | Collaboration and cooperation: 4. Prepare "National Implementation Plans", 5. Enlist the participation of regional and local governments, 6. Obtain assistance from local residents and eider specialists | Circumpolar Eider Conservation Strategy and Action Plan | 1997 | |
| CBird: Seabird Expert Group | Action | 5.3 | Reporting: 7. Provide appropriate opportunities for communication between individuals interested in eider conservation, 8. Report annually to CAFF summarizing actions taken or planned under the Strategy | Circumpolar Eider Conservation Strategy and Action Plan | 1997 | |
| CBird: Seabird Expert Group | 1.1 | Ensure sustainable harvest. 1.1.1. Regulate hunting/harvest of adults to ensure sustainable outtake, and to implement hunting/harvest moratorium for populations in decline. 1.1.2. Reduce bycatch in hunting and accidental harvest. 1.1.3. Monitor harvest of kittiwakes and conduct surveys to assess the impact on populations. | International Black-legged Kittiwake - Conservation Strategy and Action Plan | 2021 | ||
| CBird: Seabird Expert Group | 1.2 | Reduce the threat from illegal killing. 1.2.1 Support education materials and/or law enforcement efforts in support of existing regulations to prevent illegal killing | International Black-legged Kittiwake - Conservation Strategy and Action Plan | 2021 | ||
| CBird: Seabird Expert Group | 1.3 | Reduce the threat from environmental pollution.1.3.1. Collaborate with the Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Program (AMAP) to study and monitor contaminants that potentially can cause mortality or reproduction problems and seek ways to reduce their adverse impacts. 1.3.2. Improve techniques and procedures preventing oil spills at sea (operational, accidental and chronical) and/or reducing ecological consequences. 1.3.3. Introduce ship traffic regulations in order to facilitate a shift to light fuel in sensitive areas. Encourage adoption andimplementation of a ban to use heavy oil fuel in Artic waters by International Maritime Organization (IMO). | International Black-legged Kittiwake - Conservation Strategy and Action Plan | 2021 | ||
| CBird: Seabird Expert Group | 1.4 | Reduce predation. 1.4.1 Remove non-native predators in key breeding colonies. | International Black-legged Kittiwake - Conservation Strategy and Action Plan | 2021 | ||
| CBird: Seabird Expert Group | 1.5 | Improve the understanding of large-scale ecosystem effects of climate change by using the kittiwakeas a model species.1.5.1 Improve the understanding of the ecosystem effects of fisheries interactions and how to adjust maximum sustainable yields in terms of climate-induced changes in the food web that leads to insufficient food supply for adults. | International Black-legged Kittiwake - Conservation Strategy and Action Plan | 2021 | ||
| CBird: Seabird Expert Group | 1.6 | Increase understanding of impacts of harmful algal blooms (HABs), either through kittiwake food or direct contact with toxins associated with HABs. 1.6.1. Establish monitoring practices to track presence of HABs in marine environments and prey used by kittiwake. Conduct tests to determine dose levels of HABs toxins that affect kittiwake behavior or health, using proxy species where applicable. Work to reduce sources of HABs, such as nearshore development or discharge. | International Black-legged Kittiwake - Conservation Strategy and Action Plan | 2021 | ||
| CBird: Seabird Expert Group | 1.7 | Reduce the negative impact of commercial fisheries on adult survival. 1.7.1. (Connected to 1.5.1.) Address how to develop sustainable commercial fisheries considering the added effects of rapid ecosystem changes due to climate change. 1.7.2. Ensure that the management of commercial fisheries on key prey species as well as key ecosystem components is based on best available knowledge and a precautionary approach. 1.7.3. Assess and reduce bycatch in commercial fishing activities, in possible collaboration with AMBI. | International Black-legged Kittiwake - Conservation Strategy and Action Plan | 2021 | ||
| CBird: Seabird Expert Group | 1.8 | Minimize adverse effects ofhuman activities. 1.8.1. Evaluate effects of detrimental human activity on kittiwakes and prepare guidelines to industry operations to minimize their impacts on kittiwakes. | International Black-legged Kittiwake - Conservation Strategy and Action Plan | 2021 | ||
| CBird: Seabird Expert Group | 1.9 | Monitor occurrence ofdiseases in seabird populations. 1.9.1. Monitor bird flu and other diseases and minimize their impacts. | International Black-legged Kittiwake - Conservation Strategy and Action Plan | 2021 | ||
| CBird: Seabird Expert Group | 1.1 | Avoid constructing windfarms near breeding and foraging sites. 1.10.1. Ensure key feeding grounds and breeding sites are identified and taken into account in environmental risk assessmentsof the development of wind farms (on land or at sea). | International Black-legged Kittiwake - Conservation Strategy and Action Plan | 2021 | ||
| CBird: Seabird Expert Group | 2.1 | Ensure sustainable harvest. 2.1.1. Strict regulations of egg collecting; collaboration options with AMBI should be considered. | International Black-legged Kittiwake - Conservation Strategy and Action Plan | 2021 | ||
| CBird: Seabird Expert Group | 2.2 | Reduce predation. 2.2.1 Remove introduced invasive species. 2.2.2. Perform risk analyses/assessments to identify and prioritize areas with introduced species. | International Black-legged Kittiwake - Conservation Strategy and Action Plan | 2021 | ||
| CBird: Seabird Expert Group | 2.3 | Limit human disturbance to a level that does not decrease breeding success. 2.3.1. Identify significant risks of disturbance activities and sensitive locations. 2.3.2. Develop guidelines (codes-of-conduct) for potentially harmful organized activities near colonies e.g. tourism, research (all fields), harvest, air- and ship traffic as well as individual activities such as kayaking, fishing etc. 2.3.3. Introduce area restrictions for high risk activities and promote regulations in adequate formats. 2.3.4. Improve and standardize methods for Environmental Impact Assessments. 2.3.5. Increase the knowledge on impacts of marine installations on seabirds (noise, light, pollution etc.). 2.3.6. Execute spatial planning and environmental assessments taking seabird management priorities into account. 2.3.7. Create no-conflict artificial nesting sites in locations where kittiwakes have moved into human settlements. | International Black-legged Kittiwake - Conservation Strategy and Action Plan | 2021 | ||
| CBird: Seabird Expert Group | 2.4 | Reduce the negative impact of commercial fisheries on breeding success. 2.4.1. Ensure industrial fisheries of pelagic forage fish such as capelin, herring and sandeel are not at a level that limits kittiwakes’ food supply. 2.4.2. Increase research into the resource competition between seabird and fisheries and how this should influence quotas. | International Black-legged Kittiwake - Conservation Strategy and Action Plan | 2021 |